High in Iceland’s volcanic landscapes lies a phenomenon that looks like a mountain eternally exhaling white smoke. Visitors often speak of a “white smoking mountain,” capturing the geothermal mountain environment in the region of Mt. Námafjall and the nearby Hverir geothermal area in northeastern Iceland. These locales feature strong steam plumes, sulphur-rich surfaces, and surreal landscapes where ice and fire meet.
The Science Behind the White Smoke
- The “white smoke” is steam, not regular smoke. High-temperature fumaroles push superheated water vapor into cold air, creating thick white plumes.
- The ground around these vents is often coated with white clay and sulphur deposits. Historical accounts describe a “sulphur mountain from every part of which steam issues” with white and red borders of clay and sulphur.
- In the case of Mt. Námafjall/Hverir, the mountain overlooks a geothermal field of fumaroles and bubbling mud pots the “smoking” effect combined with snow and mineral-rich ground gives the “white mountain” imagery.
Why It’s Unique and Photogenic
- Color contrast: White snowfields or clay slopes + grey steam + vivid sulphur yellows and oranges + volcanic rock.
- Steam effects: Cold air makes the steam linger over slopes, creating a “smoke hovering over a white mountain” effect.
- Accessibility: The area is reachable via main roads and marked paths, making it a top photo-stop on many Iceland itineraries.
Visiting Tips and Safety
- Where: Northeast Iceland, near Lake Mývatn; the mountain of Námafjall overlooks the Hverir geothermal area.
- When: Accessible year-round; winter offers dramatic contrasts between steam and snow.
- Safety:
- Stick to marked paths; fumaroles and surface crust can be unstable.
- Stay upwind of strong sulphur smells.
- Avoid climbing active slopes or walking on fragile crust.
- Photography: Use a wide-angle lens to capture rising steam against the mountain. Early morning or late afternoon light enhances texture.
- Combine with a trip: Visit other nearby attractions like Dettifoss, Goðafoss, and Lake Mývatn to explore Iceland’s Diamond Circle route.
Geological Significance
The mountain and surrounding geothermal field demonstrate Iceland’s “fire and ice” nature. Volcanic heat interacts with groundwater and glacial remnants, producing steam plumes, sulphur-laden clays, and surreal terrain. This area shows how volcanic systems remain active and visually dynamic even in cold climates.
Conclusion
The geothermal terrain around Mt. Námafjall and Hverir in Iceland delivers the image of a “white smoking mountain” against icy slopes. Respect nature, follow safety guidelines, and experience one of the most extraordinary natural spectacles in Iceland.
