Kelimutu National Park, located on Flores Island in Indonesia, is home to one of the most mysterious natural formations on Earth: three volcanic crater lakes that change colors over time. Each lake has its own hue, ranging from deep red to emerald green to milky turquoise. What makes this phenomenon even more intriguing is that the colors shift unpredictably, sometimes dramatically within months or years.
Scientists believe the color shifts are caused by volcanic gases interacting with mineral deposits in the water. When underground pressure changes, the chemical composition of the lakes also shifts, leading to variations in oxidation levels. This creates new shades that can look like something painted rather than naturally formed. While science explains the chemistry, local people have spiritual interpretations that go far deeper.
According to local legends, each lake is believed to be a resting place for souls. The dark lake represents spirits of those who committed evil, the bright blue or green lake is for young people, and another lake is for elders who lived with wisdom. Because the colors change, many locals interpret it as spiritual messages rather than geological processes.
Visitors usually trek to the summit before sunrise to watch the lakes slowly reveal their colors in the morning light. The view is accompanied by a chilly mountain breeze and thick mist rolling across the crater. The journey to Kelimutu is relatively accessible compared to other volcanic destinations in Indonesia, making it a favorite among backpackers seeking a mystical experience without extreme hiking.
Beyond the lakes, Kelimutu National Park offers endemic wildlife such as the Flores giant rat and rare birds found only in this region. The surrounding villages preserve traditional culture, weaving textiles using natural dyes and maintaining ancient ceremonies passed down through generations.
Kelimutu is not just a geological wonder. It is a cultural and spiritual landmark that blends natural beauty with mythical identity. Experiencing it in person feels less like visiting a tourist site and more like stepping into a living legend.
